2019年6月英语四级考试真题及答案 卷三

乐无限

　　Part I Writing

　　【题干】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　【答案】On June 14, Friday, a volunteer activity where many students took an active part in visiting the local Nursing House was organized by the Student Union and it turns out to be a big success.

　　The activity was aimed at encouraging students to visit the elderly at the Nursing House and help elderly people deal with their troubles both physical and psychological. Many students volunteered to participate in this good deed and were engaged in helping the elderly here out by making their meals, washing their clothes and chatting with them. When asked about those volunteers' feelings about such an experience, all of them responded with a smile, saying "what a wonderful practice and I really appreciate this experience, for it makes me learn to care more for others in need."

　　All in all, the activity turns out to be a success not only for the visited elderly but for those students involved.
　　PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　News 1

　　(1) A 9-year-old Central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back.

　　A California television station in Fresno reported Tuesday that James Savage set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison.

　　The TV station reported that by completing the swim, the fourth-grader student from Los Banos broke a record previously held by a 10-year-old boy.

　　James said that waves in the San Francisco Bay hitting him in the face 30 minutes into his swim made him want to give up.

　　(2) His father said he had offered his son $100 as a reward. To encourage his struggling son, he doubled it to $200.

　　James pushed forward, making it to Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than two hours.

　　Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland.

　　Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

　　Question 1. What did the boy from Central California do according to the report?

　　A)He set a record be swimming to and from an island.

　　B)He celebrated ninth birthday on a small island.

　　C)He visited a prison located on a faraway island.

　　D)He swam around an island near San Francisco.

　　答案：A

　　Question 2. What did the father do to encourage his son?

　　A)He doubled the reward.

　　B)He cheered him on all the way.

　　C)He set him an example.

　　D)He had the event covered on TV.

　　答案：A

　　News 2

　　On the 1st of January, new regulations will come into effect which eliminate an annual leave bonus for people who put off marrying until the age of 23 for women, and 25 for men, the South China Morning Post reports. (3) The holiday bonus was designed to encourage young people to delay getting married in line with China’s one child policy. But with that policy now being abolished, this holiday incentive is no longer necessary, the government says.

　　In Shanghai, a young couple at a marriage registration office told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible to take advantage of the existing policy, because an extra holiday was a big deal for them. In Beijing, one registration office had about 300 couples seeking to get married the day after the changes were announced, rather than the usual number of between 70 and 80. (4) But one lawyer tells the paper that the changes still have to be adopted by local governments and these procedures take time, so people who are rushing to register for marriage can relax.

　　Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

　　Question 3: What was the purpose of the annual leave bonus in China?

　　A)To end the one-child policy.

　　B)To encourage late marriage.

　　C)To increase working efficiency.

　　D)To give people more time to travel.

　　答案：B

　　Question 4: What do we learn about the new regulations?

　　A)They will not be welcomed by young people.

　　B)They will help to popularize early marriage.

　　C)They will boost China’s economic growth.

　　D)They will not com into immediate effect.

　　答案：D

　　News 3

　　(6) Everyone loves a good house party, but the cleaning up the next morning isn’t as enjoyable.

　　(5) Now, however, a New Zealand-based startup company aims to bring messy homes – and even splitting headaches – back to normal. The properly-named startup Morning-After Maids was launched about a month ago in Auckland by roommates Rebecca Foley and Catherine Ashurst. Aside from cleaning up, the two will also cook breakfast and even get coffee and painkillers for recovering merrymakers. Although they’re both gainfully employed, they fit cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends (which is when their service is in most demand anyway).

　　(7) Besides being flooded with requests from across the country, Foley and Ashurst have also received requests from the US and Canada to provide services there. They are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward.

　　Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

　　Question 5: What is the news report mainly about?

　　A)Cleaning service in great demand all over the world.

　　B)Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs to do cleaning.

　　C)A new company to clean up the mess after parties.

　　D)Cleaners gainfully employed at nights and weekends.

　　答案：C

　　Question 6: What is a common problem with a house party?

　　A)It takes a lot of time to prepare.

　　B)It leaves the house in a mess.

　　C)It makes party goers exhausted.

　　D)It creates noise and misconduct.

　　答案：B

　　Question 7: What are Rebecca Foley and Catherine Ashurst planning to do?

　　A)Hire an Australian lawyer.

　　B)Visit the U.S. and Canada.

　　C)Settle a legal dispute.

　　D)Expand their business.

　　答案：D

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　Conversation 1

　　W: Kyle, how did your (8) driver's theory exam go? It was yesterday, right?

　　M: Yes, I prepared it as much as I could, but I was so nervous since it was my second try. The people who worked at the test center were very kind, though. We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit, and that was just what I needed. Then, after the exam, they printed out my result, but I was afraid to open it until I was outside. It was such a relief to pass.

　　W: Congratulations! I knew you could do it! (9) I guess you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time, didn't you? I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared. But good job in passing the second time. I'm so proud of you. Now all you have to do next is your road test. Have you had any lessons yet?

　　M: (10) Yes, thanks. I'm so happy to be actually on the road now. I've only had two driving lessons so far and my instructor is very understanding. So I'm really enjoying it and I can't wait for my next session although the lessons are rather expensive. Twenty pounds an hour, and the instructor says, I'll need about 30 to 40 lessons in total. That's what--six to eight hundred pounds! (11) So this time I'll need to make a lot more effort and hopefully will be successful the first time.

　　M: Well, good luck!

　　Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　Question 8. What did the man do yesterday?

　　A)He had a driving lesson.

　　B)He got his driver’s license.

　　C)He took the driver’s theory exam.

　　D)He passed the driver’s road test.

　　答案：C

　　Question 9. Why did he fail the exam the first time?

　　A)He was not well prepared.

　　B)He did not get to the exam in time.

　　C)He was not used to the test format.

　　D)He did not follow the test procedure.

　　答案：A

　　Question 10. What does the man say about his driving lessons?

　　A)They are tough.

　　B)They are costly.

　　C)They are helpful.

　　D)They are too short.

　　答案：B

　　Question 11. What does the man hope to do next?

　　A)Pass his road test the first time.

　　B)Test-drive a few times on highways.

　　C)Find an experienced driving instructor.

　　D)Earn enough money for driving lessons.

　　答案：A

　　Long conversation 2

　　M: Emma, I got accepted to the University of Leeds. Since you're going to university in England, (12) do you know how much it is for international students to study there?

　　W: Congratulations! Yes, I believe for international students, you'll have to pay around 13,000 pounds a year. It's just a bit more than the local students.

　　M: Ok, so that's about 17,000 dollars for the tuition and fees. (13) Anyway, I'm only going to be there for a year doing my masters, so it's pretty good. If I stayed in the US, it'd take two years and cost at least 50,000 dollars in tuition alone. (14) Also, I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leeds, which will be pretty awesome, the benefits of being a music genius.

　　W: (14) Yeah, I heard you're a talented piano player. So you're doing a post-graduate degree now? I'm still in my last year graduating next June. Finally I'll be done with my studies and can go on to earn in loads of money.

　　M: Are you still planning on being a teacher? No money in that job then?

　　W: You'd be surprised. (15) I'm still going to be a teacher. But the plan is to work at an international school overseas after I get a year or so of experience in England. It's better paid and I get to travel, which reminds me I'm late for my class and I've got some documents I need to print out first. I'd better run.

　　Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　Question 12. What does the man want to know?

　　A)Where the woman studies.

　　B)The acceptance rate at Leeds.

　　C)Leeds’ tuition for international students.

　　D)How to apply for studies at a university.

　　答案：C

　　Question 13. What is the man going to do?

　　A)Apply to an American university.

　　B)Do research on higher education.

　　C)Perform in a famous musical.

　　D)Pursue postgraduate studies.

　　答案：D

　　Question 14. What might qualify the man for a scholarship at Leeds University?

　　A)His favorable recommendations.

　　B)His outstanding musical talent.

　　C)His academic excellence.

　　D)His unique experience.

　　答案：B

　　Question 15. What is the woman planning to do after graduation?

　　A) Do a master’s degree.

　　B) Settle down in England.

　　C) Travel widely.

　　D) Teach overseas.

　　答案：D

　　Section C

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　Short passage 1

　　Scientists have identified thousands of known ant species around the world. And only a few of them bug humans. Most ants live in the woods or out in nature, there they keep other creatures in check, distribute seeds and clean dead and decaying materials from the ground. (16) A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans. But those are incredibly challenging to control. They are small enough to easily slip inside your house, live in colonies that number in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands, and reproduce quickly. That makes them good at getting in and hard to kick out. Once they settle in, these insects start affecting your home. In addition to biting ants, other species can cause different kinds of damage. (17)Some, like carpenter ants can undermine a home structure, while others interfere with electrical units. Unfortunately our homes are very attractive to ants because they provide everything the colony needs to survive, such as food, water and shelter.

　　So how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes? (18)Most important of all, avoid giving ants any access to food, particularly sugary food because ants have a sweet tooth. We also need to clean up spills as soon as they occur and store food in airtight containers. Even garbage attracts ants, so empty your trash as often as possible, and store your outside garbage in a lidded can well away from doors and windows.

　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Question 16. What does the passage say about ants?

　　A) They help farmers keep diseases in check.

　　B) Many species remain unknown to scientists.

　　C) Only a few species cause trouble to humans.

　　D) They live in incredibly well-organized colonies.

　　答案：C

　　Question 17. What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants?

　　A) They are larger than many other species.

　　B) They can cause damage to people’s homes.

　　C) They can survive a long time without water.

　　D) They like to form colonies in electrical units.

　　答案：B

　　Question 18. What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes?

　　A) Deny them access to any food.

　　B) Keep doors and windows shut.

　　C) Destroy their colonies close by.

　　D) Refrain from eating sugary food.

　　答案：A

　　Passage 2

　　(19) My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age. So the job of the immune system is to fight infections. It also protects us from viruses, and from autoimmune diseases. We know that as we get older, it’s easier for us to get infections. So older adults have more chances of falling ill. This is evidence that our immune system really doesn’t function so well when we age. In most of our work, when we’re looking at older adults who’ve got an illness, we always have to have health controls. So we work very closely with a great group of volunteers called the ‘One Thousand Elders’. These volunteers are all 65 or over, but in good health. (20) They come to the university to provide us with blood samples, to be interviewed, and to help us carry out a whole range of research. (21) The real impact of our research is going to be on health in old age. At the moment, we’re living much longer. Life expectancy is increasing at two years for every decade. That means an extra five hours a day. I want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age, and that they’re not spending time in hospital with infections, feeling unwell and being generally weak. (21) We want people to be healthy, even when they’re old.

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Question 19. What is the focus of the speaker’s research?

　　A) The function of the human immune system.

　　B) The cause of various auto-immune diseases.

　　C) The viruses that may infect the human immune system.

　　D) The change in people’s immune system as they get older.

　　答案：D

　　Question 20. What are the volunteers asked to do in the research?

　　A) Report their illnesses.

　　B) Offer blood samples.

　　C) Act as research assistants.

　　D) Help to interview patients.

　　答案：B

　　Question 21. What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research?

　　A) Strengthening people’s immunity to infection.

　　B) Better understanding patients’ immune system.

　　C) Helping improve old people’s health conditions.

　　D) Further reducing old patients’ medical expenses.

　　答案：C

　　Passage 3

　　When Ted Camarda started teaching 14 years ago at Killip elementary, he didn’t know how to manage a classroom and was struggling to connect with students. (22)He noticed a couple of days after school, that a group of kids would get together to play chess. “I know how to play chess, let me go and show these kids how to do it”, he said. Now Camarda coaches the school’s chess team. The whole program started as a safe place for kids to come after school.

　　(23)And this week, dozens of those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville, Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young people at the Super Nationals of Chess. The competition only happens every four years and the last time the team went, they won the third place in the nation. Camarda says chess gives him and his students’ control. (24)The school has the highest number of kids from low income families. Police frequent the area day and night. As two months ago, a young man was shot just down the street, Camarda likes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it. The lessons prove valuable outside the classroom as well. Many parents see these lessons translate into the real world. (25)Students are more likely to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble.

　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Question 22 What did Ted Camarda notice one day after he started teaching at Killip elementary?

　　A) His students had trouble getting on with each other.

　　B) A lot of kids stayed at school to do their homework.

　　C) His students were struggling to follow his lessons.

　　D) A group of kids were playing chess after school.

　　答案：D

　　Question 23 What are dozens of students from Camarda’s school going to do this week?

　　A) Visit a chess team in Nashville.

　　B) Join the school’s chess team.

　　C) Participate in a national chess competition.

　　D) Receive training for a chess competition.

　　答案：C

　　Question 24 What do we learn about the students of Killip elementary?

　　A) Most of them come from low-income families.

　　B) Many have become national chess champions.

　　C) A couple of them have got involved in crimes.

　　D) Many became chess coaches after graduation.

　　答案：A

　　Question 25 What have the students learned from Camarda?

　　A) Actions speak louder than words.

　　B) Think twice before taking action.

　　C) Translate their words into action.

　　D) Take action before it gets too late.

　　答案：B
　　Part Ⅲ Reading Section A

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Just because they can't sing opera or ride a bicycle doesn't mean that animals don't have culture. There's no better example of this than killer whales. As one of the most_____(27)predators(食肉动物)，killer whales may not fit the_____(28) of a cultured creature. However, these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly_____(29)behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development.

　　The word "culture" comes from the Latin "colere", which_____(30)means "to cultivate" .In other words, it refers to anything that is_____(31)or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural. Among human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, having spent many generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic_____(32)that help them digest and utilize this fat-rich diet, thereby allowing them to_____(33)in their cold climate.

　　Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different_____(34)across the globe, occupying every ocean basin on the planet, with an empire that_____(35)from pole to pole. As such, different populations of killer whales have had to learn different hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey(猎物). This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to_____(36)that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals' genetic development.

　　27.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】C

　　28.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】I

　　29.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】K

　　30.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】J

　　31.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】A

　　32.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】B

　　33.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】O

　　34.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】G

　　35.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】F

　　36.【题干】_____.

　　【选项】

　　A.acquired

　　B.adaptations

　　C.brutal

　　D.deliberately

　　E.expressed

　　F.extends

　　G.habitats

　　H.humble

　　I.image

　　J.literally

　　K.refined

　　L.revolves

　　M.speculate

　　N.structure

　　O.thrive

　　【答案】M
　　Part Ⅲ Reading Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18-to 34-year -olds.

　　[A] Broad demographic(人口的)shifts is marital status, educational attainment and employment have transformed the way young adults in the U.S. are living, and a new Pew Research Center analysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their lives—where they call home. In 2014, for the first time in more than 130 years, adults ages 18 to 34 were slightly more likely to be living in their parents' home than they were to be living with a spouse or partner in their own household.

　　[B] This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americans who are choosing to settle down romantically before age 35. Dating back to 1880, the most common living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner, whether a spouse or a significant other. This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nation's 18-to 34-year -olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents.

　　[C] By 2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, below the share living in the home of their parent(s)(32.1%). Some 14% of young adults lived alone, were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates. The remaining 22% lived in the home of another family member (such as a grandparent, in-law or sibling(兄弟姐妹)), a non-relative, or in group quarters like college dormitories.

　　[D] It's worth noting that the overall share of young adults living with their parents was not at a record high in 2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nation's 18-to 34-year -olds lived with mom and/or dad (compared with 32% in 2014). What has changed, instead, is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with the decline of romantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements.

　　Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender. For men ages 18 to 34, living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant living arrangement since 2009, In 2014, 28% of young men were living with a spouse of partner in their own home, while 35% were living in the home of their parent(s). Young women, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse of romantic partner(35%)than they are to be living with their parent(s)(29%).

　　[F] In 2014, more young women(16%)than young men(13%)were heading up a household without a spouse or partner. This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be single parents living with their children. For their part, young men(25%)are more likely than young women(19%)to be living in the home of another family member, a non-relative or in some type of group quarters.

　　[G] A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young. Adults living with the parents. The first in the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition, a growing share of young adult may be avoiding marriage altogether. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of today's young adult may never marry. While cohabitation(同居)has been on the rise, the overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried partner has substantially fallen since 1990.

　　[H] In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growing share of young adults who are living in the home of their parent(s), and this is especially true of young men. Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades. The share of young men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18-to 34-year-old men were employed. Similarly with earnings, young men's wages (after adjusting for inflation) have been on a downward trajectory(轨迹)since 1970 and fell significantly form 2000 to 2010. As wages have fallen ,the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen.

　　[I] Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasingly likely to live at home. Generally, young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960 and hence might increasingly be expected to be a be to afford to afford to live independently of their parents. For women, delayed marriage--which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.

　　[J] The Great Recession (and modest recovery) has also been associated with an increase in young adults living at home. Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home. And given the weak job opportunities facing young adults, living at home was part of the private safety net help young adults to weather the economic storm.

　　[K] Beyond gender, young adult's living arrangements differ considerable by education—which is tied to financial means. For young adults without a bachelor's degree, as of 2008 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner. By 2014, 36% of 18-to 34-year-olds who had not completed a bachelor's degree were living with their parent(s) while 27% were living with a spouse or partner. Among college graduates, in 2014 46% were married or living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parent(s). Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.

　　37.【题干】Unemployed young men are more likely to live with their parents than the employed.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】H

　　38.【题干】In 2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greater than that of their female counterparts.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】E

　　39.【题干】The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased in the past three decades or so.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】G

　　40.【题干】Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-old lived in their parents' home.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】B

　　41.【题干】Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】K

　　42.【题干】Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】F

　　43.【题干】More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayed marriage.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】I

　　44.【题干】The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased pay in recent decades.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】H

　　45.【题干】The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】J

　　46.【题干】One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that get married late or stay single all their lives.

　　【选项】

　　A.A

　　B.B

　　C.C

　　D.D

　　E.E

　　F.F

　　G.G

　　H.H

　　I.I

　　J.J

　　K.K

　　【答案】G
　　Part Ⅲ Reading Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A、B、C、and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.

　　According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men. The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom. And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they're stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.

　　So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States? According to the public, at least, it's not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets.

　　It's also not all about work-life balance. Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles. Only about one-in-five say women's family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren’t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.

　　Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves. Similar shares say the electorate(选民)and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.

　　As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made major advances in the workplace. While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future, 44% say it's only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men. Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.

　　47.【题干】What do most Americans think of women leaders according to a new Pew Research Center survey?

　　【选项】

　　A.They have to do more to distinguish themselves.

　　B.They have to strive harder to win their positions.

　　C.They are stronger than men in terms of willpower.

　　D.They are just as intelligent and innovative as men.

　　【答案】D

　　48.【题干】What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadership roles?

　　【选项】

　　A.They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success.

　　B.They are lacking in confidence when competing with men.

　　C.Their failures may have something to do with family duties.

　　D.Relatively few are hindered in their career advancement.

　　【答案】C

　　49.【题干】What is the primary factor keeping women from taking top leadership positions according to the recent survey?

　　【选项】

　　A.Personality traits.

　　B.Family responsibilities.

　　C.Gender bias.

　　D.Lack of vacancies.

　　【答案】B

　　50.【题干】What does the passage say about corporate America in the near future?

　　【选项】

　　A.More and more women will sit in the boardroom.

　　B.Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change.

　　C.The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders.

　　D.People have opposing opinions as to whether it will have more women leaders.

　　【答案】D

　　51.【题干】What do most Americans expect to see soon on America's political stage?

　　【选项】

　　A.A woman in the highest position of government.

　　B.More and more women actively engaged in politics.

　　C.A majority of women voting for a female president.

　　D.As many women in top government positions as men.

　　【答案】A

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.

　　People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining. 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries 1914 and 2014.

　　The results reveal that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm. Larvian women. Meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of 169.8cm.

　　James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College, London, says the global trend is likely to be due primarily to improvements in nutrition and healthcare. "An individual’s genetics has a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays a less key role," he added.

　　A little extra height brings a number of advantages, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. "Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy," he said. "This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease among taller people."

　　But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countries of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern, says Riboli. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.

　　"One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s," said Alexander Moradi of the Universith of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.

　　Bentham believe the global rtend of increasing height has important implications. "How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in," he said. "If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come."

　　52.【题干】What does the global study tell us about people's height in the last hundred years?

　　【选项】

　　A.There is a remarkable difference across continents.

　　B.There has been a marked increase in most countries.

　　C.The increase in people’s height has been quickening.

　　D.The increase in women’s height is bigger than in men's.

　　【答案】B

　　53.【题干】What does James Bentham say about genetics in the increase of people's height?

　　【选项】

　　A.It counts less than generally thought.

　　B.It outweighs nutrition and healthcare.

　　C.It impacts more on an individual than on population.

　　D.It plays a more significant role in females than in males.

　　【答案】C

　　54.【题干】What does Elio Riboli say about taller people?

　　【选项】

　　A.They tend to live longer.

　　B.They enjoy an easier life.

　　C.They generally risk fewer fatal diseases.

　　D.They have greater expectations in life.

　　【答案】A

　　55.【题干】What do we learn about 18-year-olds in Uganda and Niger?

　　【选项】

　　A.They grow up slower than their peers in other countries.

　　B.They are actually shorter than their earlier generations.

　　C.They find it hard to bring their potential into full play.

　　D.They have experienced many changes of government

　　【答案】B

　　56.【题干】What does James Bentham suggest we do?

　　【选项】

　　A.Watch closely the global trend in children's development.

　　B.Make sure that our children grow up to their full height.

　　C.Try every means possible to improve our environment.

　　D.Ensure our children grow up in an ideal environment.

　　【答案】D
　　57、翻译

　　【题干】舞狮作为中国传统民间表演已有2000多年历史。在狮子舞中，两位表演者同披一件狮子服，一个舞动头部，另一个舞动身体和尾巴。他们熟练配合，模仿狮子的各种动作。狮子是兽中之王，象征幸福和好运，所以人们通常在春节和其他节日期间表演狮子舞。狮子舞也可能出现在其他重要场合，如商店开业和结婚典礼，往往吸引许多人观赏。

　　【答案】Lion dancing is a traditional folk performance in China with a history of over 2,000 years. In the dancing, two performers who share the same lion costume dance the head and the body and tail respectively. They cooperate skillfully to imitate various movements of a lion. As the lion, king of animals, symbolizes happiness and fortune, people usually have lion dancing during the Spring Festival and other festivals and holidays. Lion dancing can also be seen on many other important occasions such as the opening ceremony of a shop and the wedding ceremony, attracting a large audience.