Read With Greater Speed
Do you have difficulty reading in class? If so, a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain.
At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read, even when the students are good at other subjects. (1)
Researchers from Yale University, US, studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut State. As part of the study, 37 struggling readers received special tutoring.
Every day, instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes (音素). (2)
By the end of the school year, these children could read faster than before. They also made fewer mistakes, and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year.
As part of their study, the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students' brains.
(3) This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read. This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly. In lower level readers, this structure remains inactive.
A year later, the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gore through the special tutoring, and they continued to do well in reading tests (4)
However, some researchers still doubt the study. (5)
A Many adults are interested in matching sounds with letters
B The students also practiced reading aloud and spelling
C The biggest challenge for many of these kids, scientists say, is matching sounds with letters.
D Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didn't show the same progress.
E The pictures showed an increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side.
F They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.
答案：1. C 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. F
What would you See if you took a cruise to the Cartbbean Islands? Palm trees and coconuts (椰子)?White beaches and clear，blue ocean?Colorful corals(珊瑚)and even more colorful fishes and birds?
You bet There are thousands of islands in the Caribbean Sea.They are famous for their warm，tropical climate and great natural beauty.
The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of me Atlantic Ocean，Some of the islands were formed by the eruption(爆发)of ancient volcanoes(火山)______(46)
The Caribbean Islands are known by several names._____(47)The explorer Christopher Columbus called the islands the Indies in 1492 because he thought he was near the coast of India.Later,Spain and France called the islands the Antilles.There are four large islands in the Caribbean Sea_______(48)These four islands are often called the Greater Antilles Together, they account for about 90 percent of the land area of the Caribbean Islands
The rest of the Caribbean Islands are much smaller.Some of these islands are no more than tiny slivers (小片)of exposed coral.You can see why pirates(海盗)such as the famous Blackbeard satled these waters._____(49)
The weather of the Caribbean Sea is almost always warm and sunny Sandy beaches line the coasts of many islands.This is why millions of tourists visit the islands each year______(50)
A But 1ife Oil the Caribbean Islands iS not always painful.
B The earliest name used by Europeans is the Indies，later changed to the West Indies.
C Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean
D They are Cuba，Puerto Rico，Jamaica，and Hispaniola.
E Many tourists arrive on cruise ships.
F There are countless smallislands to bury treasure or hide on.
答案解析
46 C 第三段的第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西洋的其他部分分开。有可能构成答案的是C和D。因为它们的第一个词分别是 others，，和“They”，该词回指“The Caribbean Islands”。但是，“The Caribbean Islands”只有古巴等四个国家组成不符合实际情况，因此C是正确的。
47 B 第四段的第一句话(主题句)说的是：加勒比群岛有好几个名字。这是一个总的概括，紧接着应该是具体的说明。B是具体的说明：欧洲人最早用的名字是印度群岛(the Indies)，后来叫做西印度群岛(the West Indies)。
48 D 第五段的第一句话说的是：加勒比海有四个大的岛屿。这是一个总的说明。下面应当列举。D是列举。
49 F 第六段的第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛中的其他岛屿小得多。接着应该是进一步说明。F是进一步说明。
50 E 最后一段讲到加勒比海的天气温暖，阳光充裕，许多岛屿的海岸有沙滩。这样的自然环境显然会吸引旅游者。因此E是正确的选择。
Five-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning。“She’s very good about it ”says her father David.Lani is alive today because of her father David，in more than one way;when she was one year old she received part of her father’s liver in a liver—transplant operation.Lani was born with a liver illness . __________ (46) Doctors advised that a transplant was the only way in which she would live.
The operation lasted 12 hours and needed two teams，one for the father and one for thedaughter __________ (47)In these cases，the donor’s liver grows to normal size in about eight weeks。and t11e child’s liver becomes smaller.
Lani spent three weeks in hospital after the operation.Because the receiver’s body tries to reject the new organ，the patient has to be given special drugs __________ (48)
Although David left hospital after 10 days，he didn’t return to work until after three months.In order to reach the liver, the doctors have to cut through the stomach wall，which is strong and full of muscle.It therefore takes a long time to recover after this operation. __________ (49)So far，only 16 of these liver—transplant operations have been carried out in Britain. __________ (50)Doctors say,“If possible，we prefer to take a liver from a dead don not, usually a parent.”
Lani still has to look after her health，and she gets more tired than other children of the same age，but doctors hope that she will continue to get stronger and stronger.
A She had one operation when she was six weeks old，which was not successful.
B While these drugs are given，it is important that the patient does not catch any illness，not even a cold.
C In this operation a piece of liver, weighing about 250--300 grams，was removed from the father and transplanted into the daughter.
D David quickly recovered from the operation.
E However, they are more common in North America and Japan.
F David was finally able to ride his bike again after about a year.
答案：1. A 2. C 3. B 4. F 5. E
KIMIKO Fukuda always wondered what her dog was trying to say. Whenever she put on makeup, it would pull at her sleeve. (1) When the dog barks, she glances at a small electronic gadget. The following "human" translation appears on its screen: "Please take me with you." "I realized that's how he was feeling," says Fukuda.
The gadget is called Bowlingual, and it translates dog barks into feelings. People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made the world's first dog-human translation machine in 2002. But 300,000 Japanese dog owners bought it. (2)
"Nobody else had thought about it," said Masahiko Kajita, who works for Takara, "We spend so much time training dogs to understand our orders; what would it be like if we could understand dogs?"
Bowlingual has two parts. (3) The translation is done in the gadget using a database containing every kind of bark.
Based on animal behaviour research, these noises are divided into six categories: happiness, sadness, frustration, anger, declaration and desire. (4) In this way, the database scientifically matches a bark to an emotion, which is then translated into one of 200 phrases.
When a visitor went to Fukuda's house recently, the dog barked a loud "bow wow" (5). It was followed by "I'm stronger than you" as the dog growled and sniffed at the visitor.
The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for about US$120. It can store up to 100 barks, even recording the dog's emotions when the owner is away.
A A wireless microphone is attached to the dog's collar, which sends information to the gadget held by the owner.
B Nobody really knows how a dog feels.
C This translated as "Don't come this way".
D More customers are expected when the English version is launched this summer.
E Now, the Japanese girl thinks she knows.
F Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like "Let's play," "Look at me," or "Spend more time with me."
答案：1. E 2. D 3. A 4. F 5. C
Five-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning。“She’s very good about it ”says her father David.Lani is alive today because of her father David，in more than one way;when she was one year old she received part of her father’s liver in a liver—transplant operation.Lani was born with a liver illness . __________ (46) Doctors advised that a transplant was the only way in which she would live.
The operation lasted 12 hours and needed two teams，one for the father and one for thedaughter __________ (47)In these cases，the donor’s liver grows to normal size in about eight weeks。and t11e child’s liver becomes smaller.
Lani spent three weeks in hospital after the operation.Because the receiver’s body tries to reject the new organ，the patient has to be given special drugs __________ (48)
Although David left hospital after 10 days，he didn’t return to work until after three months.In order to reach the liver, the doctors have to cut through the stomach wall，which is strong and full of muscle.It therefore takes a long time to recover after this operation. __________ (49)So far，only 16 of these liver—transplant operations have been carried out in Britain. __________ (50)Doctors say,“If possible，we prefer to take a liver from a dead don not, usually a parent.”
Lani still has to look after her health，and she gets more tired than other children of the same age，but doctors hope that she will continue to get stronger and stronger.
A She had one operation when she was six weeks old，which was not successful.
B While these drugs are given，it is important that the patient does not catch any illness，not even a cold.
C In this operation a piece of liver, weighing about 250--300 grams，was removed from the father and transplanted into the daughter.
D David quickly recovered from the operation.
E However, they are more common in North America and Japan.
F David was finally able to ride his bike again after about a year.
答案解析
46 A 文章第一段介绍说，如今五岁的Iani在一岁的时候做了肝移植手术，父亲将自己的肝的一部分给了女儿。为什么要做这个手术呢?这是因为Lani生下来便有肝病。根据上下文，空格处应填出生后至手术前曾采取过的措施，即六周大的时候，她曾做过手术，但是不成功。
47 C 文章第二段具体介绍手术情况。根据空格后句子的内容，空格处应填有关捐肝的内容。
48 B 有了空格前一句最后一词的提示，空格处应填的句子也就不难选择了。
49 F 此段中i空格前的句子都在将Lani父亲手术后的恢复情况及其原因，因此空格处的句子也应与他的恢复有关。
50 E 空格前一句讲的是肝移植在英国的进展，空格处应首选与其进行比较的句子。
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