2015年职称英语考试：综合A级考前冲刺试卷
第1部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1、 People name this street Bill Street in honor of the famous general.A．in memory of
B．in place of
C．in terms of
D．in view of
2、 He doesn't like the children who are prone to telling a lie.
A．reliable
B．liable
C．promising
D．dependable
3、 We are disappointed to find out that he has made a fatal mistake.
A．crucial
B．foolish
C．stupid
D．big
4、 The teacher asked us to submit the reports before next Monday.
A．hand in
B．hand out
C．hand on
D．hand back
5、 Purchasing the new production line will be a profitable deal for the company.
A．efficient
B．tremendous
C．forceful
D．favorable
6、 His new movie depicts an ambitious American.
A．writes
B．sketches
C．describes
D．indicates
7、 As a good student, you have to follow the school rules.
A．reply to
B．apply for
C．deal with
D．comply with
8、 The police have conducted the extensive investigation for this murdering.
A．important
B．tired
C．thorough
D．careful
9、 It is said the houses along this street will soon be pulled down.
A．instructed
B．demolished
C．constructed
D．conducted
10、 She is notable for her generous contribution for the relief of the poor.
A．guilt
B．accused
C．famous
D．responsible
11、 The parents always restrain their daughter from swimming in the nearby pool.
A．allow
B．reduce
C．prevent
D．confine
12、 This kind of animals is on the verge of extinction.
A．dying of
B．dying out
C．dying off
D．dying away
13、 They are endeavoring to reform the present rules.
A．trying
B．working
C．doing
D．making
14、 He finally succeeded in carrying out his plan owing to his hard-working.
A．dealing with
B．adapting to
C．coping with
D．due to
15、 His idea to solve the problem is really original.
A．creative
B．great
C．practical
D．perfect
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)。阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把c涂黑
Principles of Governing Persuasion
If leadership consists of getting thing done through others, then persuasion is one of theleader's essential tools. Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic (有魅力的) and the eloquent. Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied.
The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So it's worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise.
Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them. It's sound policy to do a favor before seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to (服从) experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that it's self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when it's scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than widely available data.
Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
17、 People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
18、 Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
19、 There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his employees.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
20、 Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you
the way you treat them.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
21、 There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
22、 Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)。阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2，3，5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty
1. The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations. The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.
2. The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly, including the United States, last year. Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
3. For instance, cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack. The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs. It also requires bans on tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States, where the Constitution prohibits such an out fight ban.
4. The impact of the treaty could be huge. The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440, 000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
5. The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.
Paragraph 1____
A.What the FCTC Demands
B.US Signing of the FCTC
C.Opposition to the FCTC
D.HOw the FCTC Came into Being
E.What the FCTC WilI Bring about
F.Ratification Of the FCTC
24、 Paragraph 2____
A.What the FCTC Demands
B.US Signing of the FCTC
C.Opposition to the FCTC
D.HOw the FCTC Came into Being
E.What the FCTC WilI Bring about
F.Ratification Of the FCTC
25、 Paragraph 3____
A.What the FCTC Demands
B.US Signing of the FCTC
C.Opposition to the FCTC
D.HOw the FCTC Came into Being
E.What the FCTC WilI Bring about
F.Ratification Of the FCTC
26、 Paragraph 4____
A.What the FCTC Demands
B.US Signing of the FCTC
C.Opposition to the FCTC
D.HOw the FCTC Came into Being
E.What the FCTC WilI Bring about
F.Ratification Of the FCTC
27、 Signing the FCTC is only the first step toward____
A.have ratified it
B.approving it
C.implement its provisions
D.restrict smoking in public places
E.caused by tobacco use
F.including higher tobacco taxes
28、 Countries that ratify the FCTC will have to, among other things,____
A.have ratified it
B.approving it
C.implement its provisions
D.restrict smoking in public places
E.caused by tobacco use
F.including higher tobacco taxes
29、 It is hoped that the FCTC will greatly help to reduce deaths____
A.have ratified it
B.approving it
C.implement its provisions
D.restrict smoking in public places
E.caused by tobacco use
F.including higher tobacco taxes
30、 Much more countries have signed the FCTC than those that____
A.have ratified it
B.approving it
C.implement its provisions
D.restrict smoking in public places
E.caused by tobacco use
F.including higher tobacco taxes. 第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)。下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
"Salty" Rice Plant Boosts Harvests
British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.
Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University's School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.
The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice.
It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树木) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.
Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.
To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants' growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.
Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.
Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true____?
A.They are students at Sussex University,
B.They are rice breeders.
C.They are husband and wife.
D.They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.
32、 Flowers and Yeo have started a programme ____.
A.to find ways to prevent water pollution
B.to identify genes that promote growth in salty soil
C.to breed rice plants that taste salty
D.to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil
33、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage____?
A.Natural barriers to Sea water have been destroyed.
B.The water table has gone down after droughts.
C.Sea level has been continuously rising.
D.Evaporation of water leaves salt behind.
34、 The word "affect" in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by ____
A."influence"
B."effect"
C."stop"
D."present"
35、 The attitude of the author towards the research project is ____
A.positive
B.negative.
C.suspicious
D.indifferent.
Ford's Assembly Line
When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars one, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses (屠宰场).
Back in the early 1900's, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a "disassembly line". Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells what happened.
"The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assemble team averaged one every 13minutes and 10 seconds per person. "
Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford went all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed (拖,拉) past workers who completed them one piece at a time. It hasn't long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $ 260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers and the world all copied him.
In fact, heencouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of the Automobile has arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation (自动化), everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.
Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true____?
A.He introduced a new way of production.
B.He influenced all manufacturing.
C.He inspired other auto makers.
D.He changed a historian's mind.
37、The writer mentions "slaughterhouses" because they were the places where ____
A.Ford's assembly line originated
B.Ford made his first car
C.Ford readjusted the assembly line
D.Ford innovated the disassembly line
38、A magneto is a technical term for____
A.an automobile
B.a production line
C.a part of an automobile engine
D.a disassembly line
39、the phrase "turning out" in the last paragraph could be best replaced by____
A."producing"
B."selling"
C."buying"
D."fixing"
40、The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry Ford____
A.to create more jobs for the unemployed
B.to write a book on history
C.to reduce the price of his cars to $260
D.to cut the production of his cars by 50%
第三篇
Play
Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys, Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child's development.
In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities. is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby's ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.
In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws (七巧板) and construction toys; painting, scribbling (涂鸦) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.
But the third stage of playdevelopment -- from five to seven or eight years -- the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.
Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed-to a child of nice or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.
The passage tells us that as a child grows up, ____
A.he should be allowed to choose his own toys
B.he should be given identical toys
C.he should be given different toys
D.he should be given fewer and fewer toys
42、 According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents ____
A.determine his character
B.will not change after the age of three
C.partly determine the standard he is likely to reach
D.to a large extent determine the choice of toys
43、Who have the best chance of growing up successfully____?
A.Those who tend to overeat.
B.Those who are given a lot of toys.
C.Those who are given toys, talked to and played with.
D.Those who can share their toys with their playmates.
44、 We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity ____
A.when he is two
B.when he is around four
C.when he is six
D.when he is eight
45、 The passage is mainly about ____
A.the importance of pre-school education
B.the importance of schooling
C.the role of play in a child's development
D.the choice of toys for adolescents 第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)。阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原来位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Science and Technology
There is a difference between science and technology. ____ (46) ____Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. ____ (47) ____ Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to understand the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. ____(48)____ . But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides we have the choice of refusing to believe it ! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic (超音速的) aircraft flying overhead ; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air.____(49)____ The purpose of technology is to serve people people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.
____(50)____ Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion (枯竭 ) and even social decay in general so much so that the promise of technology is "obscured". That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will?
A.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.
B.Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.
C.What scientists discover may shock or anger people as did Darwin's theory of evolution.
D.Science and technology are different.
E.We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.
F.Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. 第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)。阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
The First Bicycle
The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years. In 1791, Count de Sivrac ____ (51) ____onlookers in a park in Paris as he showed off his two-wheeled invention , a machine called the Celeriferé. It was basically an ____ (52) ____version of a children's toy which had been in ____ (53) ____for many years. Sivrac's " Celeriferé" had a wooden frame, made in the ____ (54) ____of a horse , which was mounted on a wheel at either end. To ride it , you sat on a small seat , just like a modem bicycle , and pushed ____ (55) ____against the ____ (56) ____with your legs there were no pedals. It was impossible to steer a celerifer6 and it had no brakes, but despite these problems the invention very much____(57)____ to the fashionable young men of Paris. Soon they were____ (58)____ races up and down the streets.
Minor____ (59) ____ were common as riders attempted a final burst of____ (60) ____Controlling the machine was difficult, as the only way to change____ (61) ____was to pull up the front of the " Celeriferé" and____ (62) ____it round while the front wheel was____ (63) ____in the air. "Celeriferé" were not popular for long, however, as the ____(64) ____of no springs, no steering and rough roads made riding them very uncomfortable. Even so, the wooden celerifor6 was the ____ (65) ____of the modem bicycle.
请在第__(51)__处填上正确答案
A.delighted
B.cheered
C.appreciated
D.overjoyed
52、请在第__(52)__处填上正确答案
A.increased
B.enormous
C.extended
D.enlarged
53、请在第__(53)__处填上正确答案
A.use
B.play
C.operation
D.service
54、请在第__(54)__处填上正确答案
A.resemblance
B.shape
C.body
D.appearance
55、请在第__(55)__处填上正确答案
A.fast
B.deeply
C.heavily
D.hard
56、请在第__(56)__处填上正确答案
A.surface
B.ground
C.earth
D.floor
57、请在第__(57)__处填上正确答案
A.attracted
B.appealed
C.took
D.called
58、请在第__(58)__处填上正确答案
A.going
B.getting
C.holding
D.making
59、请在第__(59)__处填上正确答案
A.wounds
B.trips
C.injuries
D.breaks
60、请在第__(60)__处填上正确答案
A.velocity
B.energy
C.pace
D.speed
61、 请在第__(61)__处填上正确答案
A.direction
B.route
C.heading
D.way
62、请在第__(62)__处填上正确答案
A.roll
B.drive
C.turn
D.revolve
63、请在第__(63)__处填上正确答案
A.cycling
B.circling
C.winding
D.spinning
64、请在第__(64)__处填上正确答案
A.mixture
B.link
C.ombination
D.unio
65、请在第__(65)__处填上正确答案
A.orign
B.design
C.model
D.introduction 参考答案：
1-15ABAADCDCBC CBADA
16-22CACBBCA
23-30BDAEBFEA
31-45DBCAADACAC CCCBC
46-50FAEBE
51-65 ADABDBBCCDACDCA
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